The Truman Show vs Rear Window Essay - 1695 Words

What are the issues of watching and voyeurism in film? The intention of this essay is to discuss both films (The Truman Show, 1998 and Rear Window, 1954) alongside established theoretical criticism (Laura Mulvey and Norman K. Denzin) in an attempt to demonstrate how the issues of watching and voyeurism, as seen in todays mainstream Hollywood cinema, both engages and entices the spectator and to look at how the definition of the voyeur has changed. Before entering into a discussion about voyeurism in Rear Window and The Truman Show, an understanding of what is meant by ‘the dynamics of voyeurism’ in film must be attempted. The dictionary definition of a voyeur is: (1) a person who gains sexual pleasure from watching others when they are†¦show more content†¦The cinema offers pleasure of scopophilia where ‘it can be fixated into perversion, producing obsessive voyeurs and Peeping Toms whose only sexual satisfaction can come from watching, in an active contro lling sense, an objectified other.’ (Mulvey: 1988, p. 31) Whereas, narcissism is the pleasure of being looked at and the pleasure ‘comes from identification with the image seen,’ (Nichols: 1985, p.18). For example, The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford (2007) we see Robert Fords idolises Jesse intensely, as if he wants to pull on his boots in the morning. This movie describes Ford’s time in Jesse’s orbit as a series of abject disappointments and humiliations, mostly of his own accord. And as the film unwinds slowly, Roberts pinched and wretched narcissism is revealed, showing that the assassination was Ford’s tragedy as well as Jesse’s. An infamous folly he would regret and replay over for the rest of his life. Narcissism is the fascination with likeness and recognition (identification with ‘ego ideal’ subjectivity). Therefore, as seen in The Assassination of Jesse James ‘The sense of forgetting the world of the ego has subsequently come to perceive it [I forgo t who I am and where I was] is nostalgically reminiscent of the pre-subjective moment of image recognition,’ (Mulvey: 1988, p. 32). We can see that voyeurism is not onlyShow MoreRelatedMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 PagesJuggernaut Starbucks: A Paragon of Growth and Employee Benefits Finds Storms Boston Beer: Is Greater Growth Possible? 29 46 PART II MARKETING WARS 61 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Cola Wars: Coca-Cola vs. Pepsi PC Wars: Hewlett-Packard vs. Dell Airliner Wars: Boeing vs. Airbus; and Recent Outsourcing Woes 63 86 PART III COMEBACKS Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 McDonald’s: Rebirth Through Moderation Harley-Davidson: Creating An Enduring Mystique Continental Airlines:Read MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagescan have a surprisingly up-todate feel about them: There is a strong tendency today to state numerically as many as possible of the variables with which management must deal. . . . Quantitative measures as tools are undoubtedly useful. But research shows that indiscriminate use and undue conWdence and reliance in them result from insuYcient knowledge of the full eVects and consequences. . . . The cure is sometimes worse than the disease. (Ridgway 1956: 240) Despite such long-standing and clear delineationsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesUniversity James Gelatt, University of Maryland University College Joe Gerard, University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee Matthew Giblin, Southern Illinois University Donald Gibson, Fairfield University Cindi Gilliland, The University of Arizona Mary Giovannini, Truman State University David Glew, University of North Carolina at Wilmington Leonard Glick, Northeastern University Reginald Goodfellow, California State University Jeffrey Goldstein, Adelphi University Jodi Goodman, University of Connecticut Claude GraeffRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesrecognize, albeit more gradually, a second threat to global survival in the last years of the century—accelerated climate change brought on by the release of ever-increasing, polluting emissions into the earth’s atmosphere. But, as Richard Tucker shows, this ultimate peril comprises only one of the many strands of environmental degradation that have, in their intensity and cumulative repercussions, set the world history of the twentieth century off from all previous phases of the human experience

The Atlantic System and Africa - 2105 Words

CHAPTER 18 The Atlantic System and Africa, 1550–1800 I0.Plantations in the West Indies A0.Colonization Before 1650 * 10. Spanish settlers introduced sugar-cane cultivation into the West Indies shortly after 1500 but did not do much else toward the further development of the islands. After 1600 the French and English developed colonies based on tobacco cultivation. * 20. Tobacco consumption became popular in England in the early 1600s. Tobacco production in the West Indies was stimulated by two new developments: the formation of chartered companies and the availability of cheap labor in the form of European indentured servants. * 30. In the mid-1600s competition from milder Virginia tobacco and the expulsion of experienced†¦show more content†¦* 50. Slaves frequently ran away and occasionally staged violent rebellions such as that led by a slave named Tacky in Jamaica in 1760. European planters sought to prevent rebellions by curtailing African cultural traditions, religions, and languages. C0.Free Whites and Free Blacks * 10. In Saint Domingue there were three groups of free people: the wealthy â€Å"great whites,† the less-well-off â€Å"little whites,† and the free blacks. In the British colonies, where sugar almost completely dominated the economy, there were very few free small landholders, white or black. * 20. Only a very wealthy man could afford the capital to invest in the land, machinery, and slaves needed to establish a sugar plantation. West Indian planters were very wealthy and translated their wealth into political power, controlling the colonial assemblies and even gaining a number of seats in the British Parliament. * 30. Slave owners who fathered children by female slaves often gave both mother and child their freedom; over time, this practice (manumission) produced a significant free black population. Another source of free black population was runaway slaves, known in the Caribbean as maroons. III0.Creating the Atlantic Economy A0.Capitalism and Mercantilism * 10. The system of royal monopoly control of colonies and their trade as practiced by Spain and Portugal in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries proved to be inefficient andShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Atlantic Slave Trade921 Words   |  4 PagesThe Atlantic Slave Trade The changes in African life during the slave trade era form an important element in the economic and technological development of Africa. Although the Atlantic slave trade had a negative effect on both the economy and technology, it is important to understand that slavery was not a new concept to Africa. In fact, internal slavery existed in Africa for many years. Slaves included war captives, the kidnapped, adulterers, and other criminals and outcasts. 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Knowledge Audit for Business Analysis

Question: Describe about the Knowledge Audit for Business Analysis. Answer: Introduction The home care provider Buurtzorg is the fastest growing organization of Netherland and has become popular all over the world because of its unique business model of self governing nurse teams. Most health care service providers rely on different person for providing different services but in Buurtzorg they rely completely on nurses. The nurses here are responsible for providing medical service along with associated services to its clients. Buurtzorg with the help of its unique business model has able to provide high quality health care at low cost. Further it has also earned high satisfaction rating from its employees and clients (Nandram and Koster 2014). The purpose of this case study is to evaluate the business system and the performance of the Buurtzorg and how this model could be adopted in Australia. Background Buurtzorg Nederland is a not for profit organization. It has gained international prominence because of its self governing business model (Gray et al. 2015). This model has helped the organization to achieve low cost while delivering high quality home care services. It has achieved extra ordinary success over the year. From just one team in 2007 at the time of its inception it has grown to become 700 teams in 2015. It started its operation in Almelo city in 2007 and now it has grown internationally with more than 8000 nurses working in different parts of the world. As per the report published by KPMG Buurtzorg has cared 65000 patients by 2014. The popularity of Buurtzorg business system has forced many of its competitors to adopt similar business models. Many countries like Norway, Sweden, Japan, United Kingdom, and United States etc around the world are trying to adopt the Buurtzorg model for their local health care systems. It has simplified by the management process by creating a flat organizational structure through which all services are provided with the help of latest information technology (Nandram 2014). The survey conducted by Government agencies show that patients of Buurtzorg has high satisfactory levels (Takashima et al. 2015). As per the report published in nursing journal various surveys have been conducted on the nurses of Buurtzorg for more than one year has shown that it has the most satisfied workforce in Netherland (Monsen 2013). The growth of Buurtzorg has raised suspicion that it picks and chooses high value patients to boost its success. As a result the Dutch Ministry of health ordered an enquiry. They employed business consulting firm KPMG to study patient characteristics and business model in comparison to its competitors. The study showed that criticisms are unfounded Buurtzorg has indeed developed a low cost model that has contributed to its success (Kroezen et al. 2015). As per the study there is no sufficient evidence to suggest that it has achieved success because of its patient mix. Buurtzorg Health Care Model In Netherland the types of Home Care services that are provided to patients are temporary home care services after discharge from hospitals, patients with chronic medical conditions, patient with dementia and for end of life care. The organizations that are engaged in providing Home Care Services are required to enter into contract with government funded insurance companies. There are ten different types of services that are offered by these organizations and payments are made based on authorized hours. These authorized hours are calculated on assessment of individual patients (Mossialos 2015). The home care services can be divided into two parts medical service and associated general services. The medical service requires nursing experts but for providing other associated services like bathing, washing etc to patients generally nurses are not required. In traditional home care service model nurses are deployed to do the medical work and other semi skilled workers are employed for associated work. Generally there are no interaction between nurse and other care givers thus in most cases it was observed that nurses are generally not satisfied with their services. On the other hand patients are also unhappy with the quality of the service. Thus it can be said that both patients and nurses were dissatisfied with the traditional model (Shane 2015). Buurtzorg took a different approach and adopted a model that gave value to life and humanity over bureaucracy. The main aims, goals and structure of the model are discussed in the tabular format given below: Aims Goals Structure To rely mainly on professional nurses; To bring a sense of community in medical service; To develop resource network in neighborhood; and Maximize independence of patients and nurses. To create teams of nurses that are independent; The self governing teams are to provide both the medical and supportive services; To become a community care model that is both holistic and sustainable; To regain or maintain independence for patients; To teach self health care to patients and its families; To create local network of resources; To have faith on professionalism of its nurses. It has teams of 12 nurses that take the responsibility to provide complete care of almost 50 to 60 patients. It relies heavily on Information Technology System for scheduling, documentation and billings; It has also appointed coaches that are responsible for solving problems in the team. This coaches are themselves trained nurses. For other administrative purpose there is a small back office. Thus Buurtzorg care model has teams of 10 to 12 highly trained nurses that work with patients families for providing them health care services. Each team is responsible for caring of 50 to 60 patients in a particular neighborhood and they provide complete service. The services that the nurses are responsible to provide includes assessing the need of the patients, developing a proper action plan for each patient, implementing developed plans, scheduling medical services and visits as needed by patients and also responsible for documentation of medical history and billings. The most of the planning, scheduling and documentation works undertaken are done with the help of latest information Technology systems. The self regulated teams provide flexibility to both patients and nurses (Kreitzer 2015). The concept of managers has been changed to coaches that are responsible for solving problems in the team. As on 2015 Buurtzorg has 700 members and 15 coaches. The main function of the coach is to help team function rather than advising on patients care. These model offers independence to the nurses so they are not required to report to managers but their attendance and timing re maintained. The back office is very small and it is only responsible for financial administration (Monsen 2013). As per the agreement the remuneration of the nurses are based on their education level. Further there is also standard annual increase and bonuses depending on the level of performance and work done for Buurtzorg. Buurtzorg uses surplus revenue effectively by building community projects, encouraging innovation in organization and training nurses. Performance Buurtzorg has grown rapidly over the years. The main reason for such phenomenal growth can be analyzed as follows: This model of health care is highly popular among experienced nurses thus enabling them to recruit talented nurses. The high satisfaction level of both patients and nurse has enabled it to gain recommendation and word of mouth popularity. In a study published by Earnest Young in 2009 has shown that Buurtzorg was able to satisfy customers need in just 40% of the authorized patient care hours in comparison its peer companies required 70% of patient care hour. Further benefits that the study pointed out includes patients of Buurtzorg requiring care for less time, patients were quick in regaining autonomy, and there is also decrease in emergency admission of the patients in the hospital. In terms of operational efficiency the study suggests that it has achieved lower overhead cost than any of its competitors, further employees turnover and leave is much below the average industry standard. This study has successfully pointed out that Buurtzorg could meet patients need in fewer hours than its competitors. Thus providing high quality services at much cheaper price this helped the organization to gain government support and achieve high growth. Criticism The success is always accompanied by criticism. The competitors of Buurtzorg have claimed that in case of unplanned emergency its patients had to seek help from other organizations. There are other critics who claim that Buurtzorg chooses patients with multiple requirements so that they can show more billable hours (Nandram 2015). But there are no substantive proves or study to support this claims of its competitors. Rather it is argued that complex patients are referred by physicians to Buurtzorg thus justifying the patient mix this argument is also supported by the 2009 study done by Earnest Young. Further it is also argued that effective health care reduces the need for unplanned emergencies. Research The constant criticism by its competitors had forced Dutch Ministry of Health to appoint a consulting firm KPMG to look into these allegations. The study published in 2015 has shown that Buurtzorg is the best health care service in the country as per the reported experience of the patients. Further it provides fewer hours of care than other organization thus helping in savings. The study shows that its case mix adjustment cost is significantly low than other care providers. Statement showing cost Comparison Particulars Buurtzorg Other service provider Average Hours of care per client per year 108 hours 168 hours Average cost of Home Care $6990.00 $8695.00 Average follow up cost mainly nursing home cost $2207.00 $2730.00 Average follow up medical cost $8468.00 $5641.00 Total Case mix adjusted cost per client $16701.00 $17243.00 This analysis was extended by KPMG after noticing the nursing home and associated cost of home care patients such as physician and hospital cost. It was noticed that in comparison with other organizations patients of Buurtzorg have less probability to go into nursing homes but the cost of subsequent curative care were much higher than its peers. After including all costs the case mix adjusted cost of Buurtzorg was just below the national average. The reason behind such low nursing cost and high curative cost wee not analyzed in their report leaving such analysis for a follow up research report. The findings were ambiguous and contradictory because low nursing home cost suggests high efficiency and good home care whereas high curative cost suggests just the opposite. But in spite of this high credential of their nurses, increase in referrals from physician and the high satisfaction rate of the organization suggests that Buurtzorg is engaged in providing high quality health care servic es. The most patients of Buurtzorg are from referrals of physician. It is more likely that large share of population of patients may include more critical patients with downward health trajectory thus justifying high curative health cost. But the report fails to address this point. After complete analysis it may be concluded that Buurtzorg has satisfied self managed nurses providing low cost high quality home care to their patients. Health Care in Australia The next crisis that may be looming before Australian government is in health care system. The government is likely to face shortage of fund for delivering proper health care to its citizens because of rising health care cost. The challenges are faced from various quarters: Increase in average age of population and chronic disease; Increased cost of medical treatment; The need to develop a comprehensive policy for evaluating technologies related to health industry; There are problems relating to trained health workers; There are concern about safety and quality of health care; There is uncertainty of policy regarding distribution of resources public and private health care facility; Urban planning has failed to create sustainable community health care models; There are lot of things that are required to be done so that equal healthy care facility could be provided to indigenous population; For implementing an effective health care system it is required to have proper plans (Drummond et al. 2015). The system should be effectively designed so that it can address the problem of bureaucracy and shortage of funds effectively. The main aim is to provide effective health care in Australia by being: Available, appropriate , timely and affordable; Patient focused with care given to health literacy and independence; Focused on providing preventive care; Coordinated and integrated so that multiple and complex conditions could be adjusted effectively. Buurtzorg Model in Australia From Buurtzorg model Australian Health care system can improve a lot. The prevailing problem of bureaucracy in Australian health care system could be addressed. The most important feature of Buurtzorg is that there are no managers and HR department in Buurtzorg so there is minimum bureaucracy (de Blok 2015). Thus teams of nurse enjoy autonomy regarding their task. This has shown to improve employee satisfaction. This could solve the problem of manpower shortage in health sector of Australia. The team enjoys the power to recruit new personnels so they effective choose their own team. The adoption of Buurtzorg model will revolutionize Australian Health Care facility by putting the needs of the patient in centre and letting the autonomous team to organize the health care package. Everything in Buurtzorg is aimed at providing enough independence to professionals for enriching their services. There are no rules except need. On analysis of Buurtzorg model in United States it is observed that it faces many problems. It does not have proper referral source and it suffers from lack of work force of nurses to provide all the services. It also faces the problem of dealing with multiple players that have different payment rule and regulations. This has made it difficult for the nurses to follow the Dutch model where they only had to deal with government insurance company that has flat rate per hour. This similar problem exists in Australia thus success of USA model can be successfully adopted in Australia. Thus overall analysis shows that problem faced by the Health care industry can be effectively addressed through Buurtzorg model. References de Blok, J., 2015. Guest editorial: Nursing has got stuck in the system, so lets CHANGE THE SYSTEM!.Journal of Research in Nursing,20(7), pp.532-535. Drummond, M.F., Sculpher, M.J., Claxton, K., Stoddart, G.L. and Torrance, G.W., 2015.Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes. Oxford university press. Gray, B.H., Sarnak, D.O. and Burgers, J.S., 2015. Home Care by Self-Governing Nursing Teams: The Netherlands Buurtzorg Model. Kreitzer, M.J., Monsen, K.A., Nandram, S. and de Blok, J., 2015. Buurtzorg Nederland: a global model of social innovation, change, and whole-systems healing.Global Advances in Health and Medicine,4(1), pp.40-44. Kroezen, M., Dussault, G., Craveiro, I., Dieleman, M., Jansen, C., Buchan, J., Barriball, L., Rafferty, A.M., Bremner, J. and Sermeus, W., 2015. Recruitment and retention of health professionals across Europe: A literature review and multiple case study research.Health Policy,119(12), pp.1517-1528. Monsen, K., 2013. Buurtzorg Nederland.AJN The American Journal of Nursing,113(8), pp.55-59. Monsen, K.A. and de Blok, J., 2013. Buurtzorg: Nurse-led community care.Creative nursing,19(3), pp.122-127. Mossialos, E., Wenzl, M., Osborn, R. and Anderson, C., 2015. 2015 International Profiles of Health Care Systems. Nandram, S. and Koster, N., 2014. Organizational innovation and integrated care: lessons from Buurtzorg.Journal of Integrated Care,22(4), pp.174-184. Nandram, S.S., 2014.Organizational Innovation by Integrating Simplification: Learning from Buurtzorg Nederland. Springer Nandram, S.S., 2015. Implications and Discussion. InOrganizational Innovation by Integrating Simplification(pp. 163-170). Springer International Publishing. Runciman, W.B., Hunt, T.D., Hannaford, N.A., Hibbert, P.D., Westbrook, J.I., Coiera, E.W., Day, R.O., Hindmarsh, D.M., McGlynn, E.A. and Braithwaite, J., 2012. CareTrack: assessing the appropriateness of health care delivery in Australia.Medical Journal of Australia,197(10), p.549. Shane, C., Shapiro, T., Dunn, J. and Davis, J., 2015. Traditional Health Care as a Model for Modern Health Care. Takashima, R., Tanabe, K., Morita, T., Amemiya, Y., Fujikawa, Y., Yasuda, H., Kashii, T. and Murakami, N., 2015. Usefulness of a Collaborative Home Visit Program Between Hospital and Visiting Nurses.Journal of Hospice Palliative Nursing,17(6), pp.524-535.

One Perfect Rose Essays - Literature, Poetic Form, Poetry

One Perfect Rose Dorothy Parker In the poem " One Perfect Rose " , Dorothy Parker misleads the reader throughout the first and second stanzas into believing this poem is a romantic tribute to a tender moment from her past through her word choice and s tyle of writing. However, the tone of the entire poem dramatically changes upon reading the third and final stanza when Parker allows the reader to understand her true intention of the poem, which is a sarcasm and mockery . Also , with this shift in the tone in the third stanza, there is a shift in the meaning of the entire poem, leading the reader to believe that the first two stanzas were not, in fact, sweet but instead a sarcastic and bitter account of this past moment. In the first stanza, Dorothy Parker uses specific words to create a double meaning. She uses words like " tenderly " , " pure " , and " perfect " to describe both the rose and its sender. The word s directly influence the reader's init ial reaction to the poem, as does the way in which she writes the poem. The stanza has four lines with every other line rhyming (ABAB format). It is short and sweet with a melodic quality in its reading. This musical quality definitely helps to lull the reade r into the belief that the poem' s intention is to come across as a romantic reco llection. However, in reading the poem through a second time, equipped with the knowledge of its true bitter notions, the reader sees what is purposely hidden but directly affects the overall tone. Parker mentions first and foremost the fact that this gen tleman sent her a single flowe r and ends the stanza with the phrase " one perfect rose " . There is a repetition here that at first thereader passes off as her noting the delicacy of the solitary flower. Upon reading the last stanza, it is realized that she is actually pointing out the fact that the only thing she received was one flower-that i s it. And, although there is a melodic quality to the rhythm to this poem, this rhythm accentuates the abruptness of her speech. She cuts lines off and speaks in short fragmented sentences. This, again, is something that is not noticed in the first read-through, but it does stand out after this initial reading. It almost seems as if Parker could not be bothered to spend too much time on the poem: it i s as if it was not worth the time or the effort. The second stanza is similar in content to the first. There are words Parker uses to deceive the reader at first- fragile, heart, love, and perfect. There are again four lines to the stanza with the odd and the even lines rhyming. And, of course, there are those words that the reader misses the first time reading it through. Her use of the word floweret is a perfect example of this. She cunningly makes a show of the fact that this is one, single flower by itself, but because the word rhymes with the word amulet two lines down, this mocking goes unnoticed. As does her the true meaning of the line Love long has taken for his amulet. Using this rose as the unknown gentleman s call sign at first seems cute. Superman has his S, this gentleman has his One perfect rose. The reader comes to realize that this symbol is not an honorable one. In the third and final stanza, Parker really shines the light on her true intention for this poem. She continues with the same format as the previous two stanzas, four lines with every other line rhyming and short, fragmented lines. However, her real feelings come out loud and clear in this stanza where they did not in the first two. She did not want that one, singe rose. Shewanted more, perhaps one perfect limousine. Here not only does she inform us what shewanted; she mocks what she did receive. Each line ends with the line " One perfect rose " , including the last stanza. And.